3D Cone Beam Imaging in Dental Practices

3D Cone Beam Imaging in Dental Practices Dynamic Cone Beam Imaging is progressively being considered as a significant wellspring of three dimensional (3D) imaging in orthodontics since the time it was presented in 1998. This composition has been intended to feature the utilizations of cone pillar imaging, its experience, proficiency and its extension throughout the years. In spite of the fact that its points of interest are progressively over the normal radiography cases, and its consistently expanding ubiquity, there are a couple of drawbacks that exist under the surface and this original copy will in general investigate that too. Also, there are a few dental specialists who use it much of the time while some will not utilize it in the workplace. Every single such situation have been assessed in this examination original copy. Catchphrases: radiography, orthodontics, cone shaft CT, processed, tomography, dental practices, instrumentation 3D Cone Beam Imaging in Dental Practices For a long time now, the utilization of cutting edge imaging for most dental specialists has been restricted because of the contemplations of radiation dosages, accessibility and cost. Be that as it may, after the presentation of Cone Beam Imaging with the assistance of Computed Tomography, the open doors for multi-planar imaging have cleared their path for applications in maxillofacial districts. Prologue to 3D Cone Beam Imaging Cone pillar imaging depends on volumetric tomography, in which an all-encompassing two-dimensional computerized exhibit is utilized in blend with a three-dimensional x-beam shaft and a territory locator. The innovation utilizes a solitary output of 360 degrees wherein the identifier and x-beam source move around the leader of the patient in a synchronization, which is fixed in a steady situation with the assistance of a head holder. At explicit time periods, premise pictures or the single projection pictures are procured by the gadget. These premise pictures look like the parallel cephalometric radiographic pictures, and the arrangement of these pictures is named as the projection information (Lofthag-Hansen, Thilander-Klang, Kerstin, 2011). Diverse programming are then used to utilize back-separated projection to these pictures so as to create a 3D set of volumetric information, which is then used to give recreation pictures in the coronal, sagittal and pivotal planes (Noo, 2010). In spite of the fact that the standard of cone pillar imaging has been into applications throughout the previous two decades, the ongoing accessibility of incredible PCs, top notch indicator frameworks and moderate x-beam tubes have offered approach to progressively business use of this innovation. Since the time the presentation of first cone pillar imaging in 2001 as NewTom QR DVT 9000 (Benavides, et al., 2012), a ton of frameworks have been presented in the market. These frameworks can be arranged based on their recognition framework. For maxillofacial applications, the majority of these units utilized a charge-coupled gadget and a picture intensifier tube. Recently, a level board imager was brought into applications which comprised of a scintillator comprised of cesium iodide and a formless silicon slim film transistor (Shah, Mann, Tornai, Richmond, Zentai, 2014; Stratemann, Huang, Maki, Miller, Hatcher, 2014). These frameworks created lesser clamor and didn't require the preproc essing for the decreases of geometric twists present in the arrangement of locators. Utilizations of Cone Beam Imaging in Clinical Dental Practice Cone pillar imaging innovation is reasonable for use in clinical dental practice because of its size, dissimilar to the regular figured tomography scanners that are costly and enormous to keep up and buy (Poeschl, et al., 2013). In dental practices where space is including some hidden costs, portion contemplations and expenses are thought about and the examining degree is constrained to the head, cone shaft imaging frameworks become very mainstream. All cone shaft imaging innovation units give sagittal, coronal and pivotal pictures, with essential improvement choices of amplification, zoom and visual alterations, have the ability of cursor-driven estimation and explanation augmentations. Different upgrades incorporate shading extents and differentiation levels inside the edge window. Estimations of cone pillar imaging innovation imaging in post-employable appraisal of craniofacial cracks (Wortche, et al., 2014; Mischkowski, et al., 2014), TMJ appraisals (Honda, et al., 2014; Tsiklakis, Syriopoulos, Stamatakis, 2014; Kijima, et al., 2014), careful appraisal of pathology and embed arranging (Weitz, et al., 2011; Maret, et al., 2014; Liang, et al., 2010) have been assessed into applications. Correspondingly, cone bar imaging innovation has additionally been found into famous applications in the field of orthodontics for the appraisal of advancement and developments (Stratemann S. , Huang, Maki, Hatcher, Miller, 2011), with prominen ce expanding evermore at the West Coast of the United States. Points of interest of Cone Beam Imaging Cone shaft imaging innovation is exceptionally reasonable for the craniofacial territory as it gives away from of bones and differentiated structures. There are various points of interest for cone bar imaging innovation over the traditional figured tomography which include: Impediment of X-Ray Beam With the decrease of the size of illuminated zone to the territory of enthusiasm by the collimation of essential x-beam shaft, the measure of radiation portion is enormously diminished. Most units can be changed in accordance with filter the pillar impeccably permitting the output of whole craniofacial complex at whatever point important. Exactness of Images In the ordinary registered tomography, the voxels are rectangular and anisotropic, though the voxels in cone bar imaging are square and isotropic. This permits the units to deliver top notch pictures shifting from as high as 0.4mm down to as not many as 0.125mm of goals. Quick Scan Time Since all the pictures are gained inside a solitary revolution, the sweep time is quick and equivalent to the clinical winding frameworks going from 10 seconds to 70 seconds. The decrease in examine time likewise lessens the likelihood of movement ancient rarities (Suomalainen, Vehmas, Kortesniemi, Robinson, Peltola, 2014). Decrease in Doses Various reports demonstrate that the viable radiation portion is decreased significantly in conic shaft imaging frameworks when contrasted with traditional figured tomographic frameworks. The normal measurement of the traditional frameworks is diminished up to 98% in the cone pillar imaging frameworks (Tyndall Kohltfarber, 2012; Pauwels, et al., 2012; Tyndall, et al., 2012). Decreased Image Artifacts Cone bar imaging innovation pictures produce low picture ancient rarities because of the smothered calculations and expanded number of projections, particularly in the recreations planned optionally for watching teeth and jaws (Miles, 2013). End The quick commercialization and improvement of cone pillar imaging innovation has without a doubt expanded the entrance of dental specialists to 3D radiographic methods committed to imaging the maxillofacial area in the clinical dental practice. Cone pillar imaging innovation imaging gives sub-millimeter, top notch pictures with spatial goals and short filtering occasions going between ten seconds to a moment, characterizing it as an advantageous wellspring of analytic systems. References Benavides, E., Rios, H. F., Ganz, S. D., A, C. H., Resnik, R., Reardon, G. T., Wang, H. L. (2012). Utilization of cone shaft processed tomography in embed dentistry: the International Congress of Oral Implantologists agreement report. Embed dentistry, 78-86. Honda, K., Matumoto, K., Kashima, M., Takano, Y., Kawashima, S., Arai, Y. (2014). Single air differentiate arthrography for temporomandibular joint issue utilizing restricted cone shaft processed tomography for dental use. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. Kijima, N., Honda, K., Kuroki, Y., Sakabe, J., Ejima, K., Nakajima, I. (2014). Connection between quiet attributes, mandibular head morphology and thickness of the top of the glenoid fossa in suggestive temporomandibular joints. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. Liang, X., Jacobs, R., Hassan, B., Li, L., Pauwels, R., Corpas, L., Lambrichts, I. (2010). A relative assessment of cone bar figured tomography (CBCT) and multi-cut CT (MSCT): Part I. On abstract picture quality. European diary of radiology, 2(75), 265-269. Lofthag-Hansen, S., Thilander-Klang, A., Grã ¶ndahl, K. (2011). Assessment of emotional picture quality according to symptomatic undertaking for cone shaft registered tomography with various fields of view.European diary of radiology,80(2), 483-488. Maret, D., Peters, O. A., Galibourg, A., Dumoncel, J., Esclassan, R., Kahn, J. L., Telmon, N. (2014). Correlation of the Accuracy of 3-dimensional Cone-bar Computed Tomography and Micro-Computed Tomography Reconstructions by Using Different Voxel Sizes. Diary of endodontics, 9(40), 1321-1326. Miles, D. A. (2013). Map book of cone bar imaging for dental applications. Pith Pub. Mischkowski, R. A., Scherer, P., Ritter, L., Neugebauer, J., Keeve, E., Zoller, J. E. (2014). Demonstrative nature of multiplanar transformations acquired with a recently evolved cone pillar gadget for maxillofacial imaging. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. Noo, F. (2010, March). X-beam cone-bar processed tomography: standards, applications, difficulties and arrangements. In APS March Meeting Abstracts , 1, 5003. Pauwels, R., Beinsberger, J., Collaert, B., Theodorakou, C., Rogers, J., Walker, A., Horner, K. (2012). Viable portion run for dental cone pillar registered tomography scanners. European diary of radiology, 2(81), 267-271. Poeschl, P. W., Schmidt, N., Guevara-Rojas, G., Seemann, R., Ewers, R., Zipko, H. T., Schicho, K. (2013). Correlation of cone-shaft and regular multislice registered tomography for picture guided dental embed planning.Clinical oral investigations,17(1), 317-324. Shah, J., Mann, S. D., Tornai, M. P., Richmond, M., Zentai, G. (2014, March). MTF portrayal in 2D and 3D for a high goals, enormous field of view level board imager for cone shaft CT. In SPIE Medical Imaging. Stratemann, S. A., Huang, J. C., Mak

Reflective account on End-Of-Life Essay

A year ago 23 September 2012. I had an occupant called â€Å"Mrs X† she was a 72year-old bereft living at â€, a Nursing Care Home. She’s not a strict sort of individual as she was Atheist. She has lived in the home for as far back as two years, and during that time I was relegated as her key laborer. Mrs X had One Son and 3 thousand girls they are on the whole customary guests to the home. She has as of late been determined to have renal disappointment, and her future is just two or three months without dialysis. In the past Mrs X has clarified that when her â€Å"time comes† she needs to have the option to remain at Belmont House, and â€Å"go quietly†. She has expressed that she doesn't need any treatment that will delay her life. This implies she has decided not to acknowledge dialysis. An arranging meeting, including Mrs X, her family and wellbeing and social consideration laborers has occurred, and a consideration and bolster plan has been set up t o help Mrs X to live easily at Belmont House. This has incorporated a conversation, drove by Mrs X, about her desires. She has clarified that she doesn't need any clinical mediation to drag out her life, and this has been recorded in a ‘advance care plan’. Mrs X’s 3 granddaughters are steady yet her child Mark experiences issues tolerating the choice, anyway he understood it’s her mums choice and to regard her mum’s wishes. Just as contribution from her GP, Mrs X will get normal help from authority medical caretakers to deal with her side effects and keep her agreeable. Everyday consideration and bolster will keep on being given by the consideration laborers. Mrs X’s granddaughters and Mark will invest energy with their Mother every day. This was the first run through since I started working at the Palliative consideration unit that I had been firmly associated with somebody who is passing on, and I was vexed and on edge about thinking about Mrs X. My line chief was liable for guaranteein g that I am appropriately prepared and upheld with the goal that Mrs X‘s needs and the requirements of her family are appropriately tended to. In our conversation with my line chief, I was talked about my interests, my emotions, and what I seen as the holes in my mastery. Mrs X is getting worn out, investing more energy resting. Her skin is delicate and the danger of skin breakdown has expanded essentially. I was experienced and qualified consideration laborer, yet I and my partners should be profoundly talented in overseeing Mrs X’s skin with the goal that it doesn't separate causing her expansion trouble. I was given by an extra preparing here so I feel sure and ready to take appropriate consideration of Mrs X’s skin. My line administrator consistently works close by with me on exhibited great healthy skin. This allowed her chance to watch me, and to show best practice. She likewise conversed with the medical attendant authorities, to see whether there are a specific creams or gear that will profit Mrs X, or on the off chance that they have some other guidance. My supervisor given me likewise a day course for End of life and supporting individuals to live beyond words in a split second so I figured out how to share to Mrs X circumstance and condition and it works. ï Å¡ One day she conversed with me about her pass. She said when she was youth she had a pup and 2years later the pooch was passed on. She’s crushed and don’t realize how to manage it until a day she discovered she has terminal sick. I discovered her one day she cried. I went to the circumstance of misery and sad anyway I kept in myself, and attempted to control and demonstrated my expert involvement with managing it. I conversed with her and perked her up. I asked how was she invested energy with her doggy? She grinned and stated, loads of time she was appreciate with little dog strolling to the fields together, when pup was worn out she open her tongue out and sit and exceptionally tranquil. She’s grinned when she’s recounting to about her puppyâ₠¬â„¢s story. So I got to the heart of the matter to ask her family. She’s calm for some time, and afterward she said my family just stayed with me when I showed up here aside from my most seasoned granddaughter. They never visit me when I was at my home. I was intrigued to tune in until she stated, â€Å"one day I’m gone nobody remain at my home with the exception of my most seasoned granddaughter. I was astounded which I known each time I saw her family came visited her they are grinned and exceptionally glib to the staff. I went to the staff office and I recorded to the consideration plan and afterward I answered to my line director the story. It was my free day when she died. My associate messaged me and I raced to come and see her before the under taker remove her. I was crushed anyway I figured out how to converse with her family and offered their beverages and different nuts and bolts they needs. Her family valued my time and friendliness. Up to that point, I was exceptionally mindful and to take care of well with the individuals passing on. And furthermore the family members concerns and wishes. Here and there, it wasn’t simple to discuss end of life issues yet it’s critical to do. Presently that we’ve set up our undertakings and discussed what we need, we can â€Å"put that in a box† in a manner of speaking, and continue ahead with living each day in turn, valuing every day together, as I probably am aware it’s going to end one day†¦

Foundational psychology Learning Methods

Question: Examine about the Foundational brain science Learning Methods. Answer: The accompanying exposition will dissect a given situation and comprehend the issue introduced in it. The primary worry of the accompanying article is assess the whole situation thinking about the type of operant molding, which is considered as one of the most helpful learning strategies for adjusting quality of a people conduct. The objective of the current paper would be subsequently to propose most potential mediations for the situation and simultaneously decide if the intercession technique for operant molding would be appropriate for the situation or not. The postulation proclamation of the accompanying paper is build up that for the given situation, operant molding as a methodology for conduct change would be generally helpful for the given situation. The situation is characteristic of the way that an essential instructor is experiencing uninterested conduct and absence of reaction from her understudies. From the case, it has been comprehended that the instructor can't achieve her training objectives as the understudies are not mindful and concentrated on the class. It very well may be said that such an environment would conceivably prompt more terrible learning result and awful notoriety for Jane. Before break down the quality and shortcoming of the proposed approach, it is basic to recognize the scope of practices in the homeroom introduced in the given situation and in this way a concise investigation of the situation is seen as important. As per the given contextual investigation, an essential educator Jane is thinking that its difficult to draw in her understudies into the homeroom exercises. The situation alludes that practically each of Janes essential understudies who has a place with the age gathering of 10-12 years is apathetic towards the study hall action and couldn't care less to partake in any of the homeroom conversations. It has been comprehended that one of the most constant just as ordinary practices showed by the understudies of Jane for the situation is the boycotting or pulling back demeanor. The case situation shows that the understudy consistently stay silent and never take an interest in any of the study hall exercises. Then again, it has been comprehend ed that there is a slight propensity of having general inescapable state of mind of despondency. Next to, the previously mentioned mentality of the understudies, which is absentmindedness, it has been additionally discovered that another run of the mill conduct of the understudies is their propensity of gazing at their educator, when they are asked to answer any inquiry. The specific disposition of the understudies is characteristic of the way that they have the troublesome conduct of declining to adhere to the directions of the instructor (Martin Pear, 2015). Moreover, it is to state that through the propensity of not addressing any inquiry is an indication of irreverence towards the instructor as well. Then again, the instance of Jane is demonstrative of the way that understudies don't finish their schoolwork and demonstrate reluctance to do the class assignments. Hence, it tends to be said that in the practices showed by the understudies for the situation, there is the insight that the understudies are perhaps have powerlessness to work just as keep up any sort of good relati onal relationship with the educators (Chicas-Mosier Abramson, 2015). It tends to be likewise seen that there is presumably a slight powerlessness among the understudies to adapt appropriately in the study hall or reaction to the guidance of the instructor. In the wake of considering the practices of the understudies recorded in the given situation, it is reasonable that the instructor is in quick need of a rundown of successful educating and learning strategies. Explicitly for the thought about case, it tends to be said that the educating and learning methods of operant molding may demonstrate productive. Operant molding is viewed as a system of discovering that includes the method of giving prizes or discipline for altering practices of the understudies (Bouton, 2014). As indicated by Edward Thorndikes study and his created percept of law of impact and deliberate conduct, discipline and prize are two key angles, which decide social change in a human individual (McSweeney Murphy, 2014). The percept of intentional conduct has been additionally extended by B.F Skinner, who has given a name to the old style molding and showed that learning is a sort of capacity of change in plain conduct (Ruan Wu, 2013). The present situation that has bee n considered for the current paper is demonstrative of the way that there is a need to change the personal conduct standard of the understudies of Jane, with the goal that gains inspirational demeanor towards the class. In this way, it tends to be said that there is the requirement for support evidently. On the off chance that the instructor would not get the normal conduct, at that point following the hypothetical system of operant molding, the part of discipline would be required. With the assistance of fortification, the educator Jane can emphatically reinforce the conduct of the understudies towards learning as it has been brought up over the understudies are most likely experiencing a failure to make agreeable relational relationship with the instructor. The perceived standard of conduct is demonstrative of the way that both positive and negative support would be required. The encouraging feedback procedure would assist the educator with increasing the degree of support in the study hall exercises (Huston et al., 2013). With the assistance of uplifting feedback the understudies will be given anything charming after a suitable or anticipated conduct. Then again, the encouraging feedback would li kewise give the opportunity of proceeding with the normal conduct (Loovis, 2016). In addition, encouraging feedback, there is the necessity for the strategy of negative support as well. The overwhelming idea of negative fortification says that so as to take anything disagreeable or to expel any wrong substance from a conduct, there is the requirement for a solid activity (Gentile et al., 2014). The idea further demonstrates that the way toward removing a terrible substance from the conduct is for the motivation to procure the satisfactory or required conduct. The specific method of operant molding is advantageous in expanding positive conduct and fulfillment (Kelder et al., 2015). So as to achieve the previously mentioned strategies, three specific techniques ought to be applied, which are molding, annihilation and speculation. The use of molding would help both Jane and her understudies in instructing and learning new styles of anticipated conduct however the strategy for applying fortification of conduct. After every use of fortifying conduct pattern, the unpred ictability or trouble level of the assignments to gain appropriate conduct gets change (van Slooten et al., 2013). Then again, however the strategy of termination, the instructor Jane can disallow reiteration of any sort of undesired conduct. Through this strategy for support, Jane can proactively stop any angle that would cause the redundancy of any sort of wrong conduct or can totally lessen it. On the off chance that the previously mentioned ideas of operant molding and the methods would be considered by the educator of the case situation, at that point there would be necessity of another procedure, which is speculation. During the time spent speculation, the understudies will appropriately realize when and in which settings the scholarly practices ought to be applied (van Slooten et al., 2013). The procedure of speculation demonstrates generally accommodating in proceeding with the normal conduct of the understudies, so they can precisely meet the learning results of their individual class. Notwithstanding, in this specific circumstance, it tends to be additionally recommended that the method of positive and negative discipline ought to be likewise applied on the understudy, if Jane would think that its hard to procure the normal social result after the use of support. It tends not out of the ordinary that both the negative and positive discipline strategies would help in expelling any disagreeable conduct if the methodology of speculation would not fill in according to the desire (Bosworth Judkins, 2014). In any case, the instructor should remember the way that in a few cases, it has been discovered that understudy like to stay away from educator who gives them discipline rather than the extemporizing their defective conduct (Debeer et al., 2014). Along these lines, the procedures of positive and negative discipline ought to be applied just when the previously mentioned strategy of speculation would neglect to achieve Janes point of improving her understudies conduct. In any case, in this regard, it is huge to distinguish and assess the qualities and shortcoming of the considered and proposed systems of operant molding. The crucial standard of operant molding is to control conduct with the assistance of a rundown of outcomes. The prevalent standard of operant molding is reliant upon four key ideas, which are encouraging feedback, negative fortification, positive discipline and negative discipline. The upside of applying differed methods of operant molding is adjustment or wanted improvement of the conduct is sought after in an orderly manner (Bosworth Judkins, 2014). With the assistance of positive and negative support, an educator can without much of a stretch set up wonderful conduct among the understudies and simultaneously can keep up it by removing the negative practices. Then again, through positive or negative discipline, instructors can keep up the adjusted conduct and can stop mediation of any horrendous conduct by the dread of having dis cipline (Debeer et al., 2014). Be that as it may, a few disservices are additionally there, which can restrict the achievement of the essential objective of operant molding. The impediments are principally identified with the utilization of positive and negative discipline. With the use of positive or negative discipline, the understudies c

Revenge In Julius Caesar Essays - , Term Papers

Retribution in Julius Caesar Vengeance. Retribution makes one act aimlessly without reason. It depends on the rule of tit for tat, anyway this standard isn't constantly a defended one to follow. In Julius Caesar, Antony looks to vindicate the demise of Caesar. Antony follows up on feeling which prompts the death of Brutus, who is a respectable man that doesn't have the right to be murdered. Vengeance is a focal subject inside Julius Caesar. This is shown through Antony's craving to retaliate for Caesar's demise, and furthermore the arrival of Julius Caesar's phantom. Vengeance is again exemplified through the brutal game-plan, which is taken by the Plebeians trying to look for equity for the death of their Roman unrivaled. The subject of vengeance is apparent when Antony exhibits a craving to retaliate for Caesar's demise. After Caesar's passing, Antony promises to deliver retribution on the individuals who killed Caesar, Also, Caesar's soul, going for vengeance, With ate close by come hot from heck, Will in these limits with a ruler's voice Cry destruction and let slip the pooches of war, That this foul deed will smell over the earth With remains men, moaning for internment. (Act 3, SC.1, 270-275) This discourse is exceptionally realistic in nature. Antony portrays the up and coming fight as the canines of war. Mutts are frequently delineated in a fierce manner, which shows that Antony might want to deliver retribution in a comparable rough way too. He utilizes words, for example, devastation and damnation. This makes the discourse be emotional and cruel which exhibits his fierceness for vengeance. Because of the subject of retribution, he wants to retaliate for Caesar's passing, and this prompts the homicide of the plotters. Retribution is additionally clear when Antony arranges a military to overcome the backstabbers and carries them to equity. Since vengeance is a focal topic, Antony utilizes a lot of exertion into sorting out the military which will crush Brutus. He should not just act before Brutus with the goal that Brutus will let him make his discourse at Caesar's burial service, yet he additionally needs to utilize a lot of exertion into forming his speech. While talking about which one of the schemers should pass on, Antony proposes that his own sibling Publius ought to likewise kick the bucket, These numerous at that point will pass on; their names are porick'd. Your sibling a lot of kick the bucket; .. He will not live... (Act 4, SC.1, 1-6) Because of Antony's understanding upon his siblings' discipline, it is again clear that retribution is a focal topic inside the play. His anger for Caesar's demise is incredible to such an extent that he takes no leniency on the schemers, regardless of whether one of them happens to be his sibling. In any case, in addition to the fact that Antony desires to retaliate for Caesar's passing, yet Caesar himself is likewise urgent for vengeance. The arrival of Caesar's apparition is one more occasion in the play that shows vengeance. Caesar's longing to deliver retribution upon Brutus is demonstrated when his apparition portrays Brutus as Thy underhanded soul, Brutus. (Act 4, Sc.3, 281). His feeling of retribution is the explanation behind his phantom's arrival and its experience with Brutus, How sick this shape consumes! Ha! Who comes here? I think it is the shortcoming of mine eyes That shapes this huge phantom. It happens upon me. Craftsmanship thou anything? Craftsmanship thou some god, some holy messenger, or some demon, That mak'st my blood cold, and my hair to gaze? Address me what thou craftsmanship. (Act 4, SC.3, 274-280) Because of retribution, he returns as an apparition and foretells the inescapable value Brutus must compensation for his activities, which is demise. It is Caesar's profound thought process in vengeance that keeps his own phantom from rest, and Caesar's apparition won't do as such until his demise is retaliated for. Caesar's phantom represents Brutus' internal conviction that his end is close; which means retribution will follow through to its logical end. Subsequently, Caesar's apparition goes about as an image of vengeance. Brutus is so loaded up with blame that the insignificant site of Caesar's apparition overpowers him with a feeling of foretelling and passing. This dread is vengeance without anyone else. This is obviously demonstrated when Brutus admits to Volumnius that he predicts his demise is coming a result of the experience he has with Caesar's apparition, Why, this, Volumnius: The phantom of Caesar hath appear'd to me Two a few times around evening time: at Sardis

AGILE Example

Coordinated Example Coordinated †Article Example Outrageous Programming Affiliation Gerold Keefer inclination about extraordinary programming lies on realities that he has gathered after some time and he has made it open to general society. I concur with Keefer inclination about extraordinary programming results or programming ought to be exposed to quality affirmation checks. This increases the value of the product, yet in addition clears route for cutting edge and future research. Regarding the above articulation and as per the case content furnished people have thought of programming that are extraordinary however have not been allowed to make certain through better quality confirmation checks consequently this sort of outrageous writing computer programs is viewed as unacceptable. Gerold Keefer states that in spite of the negatives effects of Extreme Programming, it has or it hopes to get an away from of spry strategies and uses of extraordinary designing to most programming testing stages. In actuality throughout the most rece nt decade, scientists and researchers have working vigorously to think of coordinated stages that have cutting-edge characteristics; the predisposition come in when people and organizations concoct programming that are of low quality yet specialists drive them to extraordinary programming standard yet they don't meet this stage. The act of delivering extraordinary projects isn't refactoring; this training happens after introductory coding so at to improve the presence of the product being grown, yet to the creator outrageous programming calls for unit testing henceforth, refactoring prompts additional work thus, less effective. The last worth is straightforwardness; this is a decent planning rule that extraordinary programming sends to ensure that its works are easy to understand; however this doesn't occur in the contemporary programming society.

Senioritis!

Senioritis! I remember the spring of my senior year in high school as a time of great anticipation with raw excitement that I can still feel just thinking about it. After finding out that I had been accepted to Illinois and deciding that it was the school that I would attend, all that was left was the wait. At the time, I couldnt help but think about every aspect of what would comprise my new college adventures that awaited me. I was thrilled to be attending my dream school, and I was ready for every bit of what I knew would be a truly transformative time in my life. The high school seniors of this spring probably feel similarly to how I did in those days. The prospect of meeting new people, learning about a beloved passion, and taking part in experiences that promise life-long memories are all elements of the anticipation that builds in each high school senior. Of course, there are friends and acquaintances that you may be sad to no longer see as often, but the reminder of tomorrow is a grand motivation for what makes the future so powerful. In our world, there is a phrase by the name of senioritis that has been spread and placed into our perception of what the senior year of high school is. People have coined this term as a way of describing the feeling of senior year and the dreadful wait for graduation that comes along with being in such a time period. If senioritis actually exists, it needs to be redefined. High schools senior year is a beautiful, brief, and unique time that allows students to relish in the moments and to prepare for a new chapter worthy of the wait. All the stories youve heard are true. College is a time of exploration and transformation for many people. But today, this small slice of time in your senior year is a time for soaking up the day in front of you and embracing the now. Its time to recognize what makes today special and seize the moment. There will never be another time like this again. Your next few months will fly by, and all that will be left is the future. Ask that special someone to prom, make memories with friends, cheer on your schools basketball team, and be proud to say that you are a high school senior with big dreams for what tomorrow will be. In the fall, youll have plenty of time to look over syllabuses, have many first conversations with new people, and begin to learn who youll become. For now, decide to make the present something that you will remember. Find the experiences that make you smile today and that will make you smile again in ten years. You are a member of the class of 2018, and that is something to take seriously. https://www.redbubble.com/people/smallkumari/works/23186883-class-of-2018-logo?p=sticker Jacob Class of 2019 I’m an Advertising student within the College of Media. My hometown is a place called Fairmount, Illinois, which is about 30 minutes from campus. I began my Illinois journey in the Division of General Studies.

Augmented Reality Implementation in Criminal Justice - 2750 Words

Augmented Reality Implementation in Criminal Justice (Research Paper Sample) Content: Augmented Reality Implementation in Criminal JusticeStudents Name:Institution Affiliation:Augmented Reality Implementation in Criminal JusticeAbstractThere are various technological innovations that have been developed in the field of criminal justice with an aim of preventing crime and improving the performance of the law enforcers. However, research has shown that little is known about how and why certain technological innovations are adopted and the consequences of the implementation-whether intended or unintended- of such solutions to curb crime. This paper provides a coherent and organized expression of Augmented Reality (AR) implementation in criminal justice. It describes Augmented Reality technology; summarizes the research on the extent of the implementation of the AR innovation in U.S.A.Augmented Reality provides real-time examination of enhanced real-world physical environment using computer-generated virtual information. The application of AR in criminal j ustice is strong, but like other emerging technologies, there are potential challenges and foreseeable down sides with the implementation of the technology. Although many researchers suggest that AR technology has been in existence as illustrated by weather mapping systems, AR application in law enforcement is currently a delayed project in many states in U.S. The many legal, social, constitutional and operational challenges facing AR systems make it several years behind practical implementation in law enforcement. There are few studies that have focused on the implementation of AR in criminal justice. This paper illustrates how AR total application can be used to enhance law enforcement in the United States.IntroductionA cursory review of efforts to prevent crime underscores the importance of technological innovation as a driving force in the reform of crime prevention and control strategies bya joint community collaboration of citizens, concerned parties, and the law enforcers. Te chnological development in criminal justice falls into two broad categories: information-based technological solution and material-based technologies (Reichert, 2001:1). Both technologies can revolutionize the organization of the law enforcers. The end of 20th century has seen the adoption of many crime prevention and control strategies by various individuals and groups. According to Harris (2007) all these measures have revolutionized the way the law enforcers are organized and operated based on technological innovations that were introduced in policing: the telephone, radio, and automobile.One of the most celebrated, but minimally implemented, criminal justice technological innovations in 21st is the Augmented Reality (AR). AR technology as an emerging and potentially effective innovation can change administration of criminal justice. AR is an interactive computer-based technology that overlays virtual images onto a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s real-world vision into real-world experience i n a manner that enhances their ability to accomplish various tasks and assignments. AR has improved situational awareness enabling individuals to do accomplish the same work as people equipped with more advanced technology (Cowper and Buerger, 2014).AR can be put in numerous applications in law enforcement to enhance delivery of criminal justice services. AR can be implemented through a number of applications such as different law enforcement scenarios areas like patrols, SWAT operations and criminal investigations, training environment, leadership and management of law enforcers. AR application can cross cut different sectors of law enforcement including the judiciary, forensic science, business contracting, medicine and legislation.History of ARAugmented Reality (AR) provides real-time examination of enhanced real-world physical environment using computer-generated virtual information (Furht, 2001). The scope of AR is difficult to define because it has a wide range of potential se nsory applications of input environments. An example of AR is the virtual overlays on the headgear that relay information, context-sensitive screen menus or map models. The weather map is arguably the oldest form of AR that relay different images, videos, and superimposed animations on a blank green or blue map. AR has been enhanced to show more dynamic real-time information such as the presenter interface. The presenter interface incorporates gestures or smart devices similar to those used in election process (Lawler, 2010).The penetration of AR has been enhanced with the increase in the number of smartphones and personal smart devices in our lives. Many people now use smartphones than in the past few years. People continue to use smart phone apps for browsing, shopping, social networking and searching for information. Smart phones have the software and hardware capabilities to support AR app and put it into creative use. The Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) is a recent development of AR technologies. The Google Glass is such a development that provides users with a seamless platform for integrated visual delivery (IVD) of overlaid information (Gotow, 2010).Law EnforcementAR technology can transform the way ground laws are enforced. This challenge is common in similar technological innovations and is a risk posed by adoption of AR in law enforcement. Transmission of information in Real-time, facial-recognition and enhanced-communication software can help law enforcers (Rampolla, 2013). The Golden-I Police Pro technology is precursor of AR. The company is known for developing other technologies for fire-fighting, paramedics and workers supervision using remote devices to identify suspects, get alerts on motion sensors, monitor basic vital signs and GPS coordinates, as well as scan license plates. AR has the capability to Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) given appropriate set of instructions. Rampolla (2013) demonstrated that facial-recognition can be applied together with current criminal databases such as CCTV to identify criminals. It can also enhance AR videos and 3D mapping of crime scenes hence aid criminal investigations (Rampolla, 2013).AR has a negative side that may affect law enforcement as a result of criminal gaining access to AR. AR has been adopted in pornography industry although its application is at the initial stages. The AR technology can promote sharing of pornographic materials. Although adults can use AR porn if consented, there are fears that it might get into AR Child Porn (Williams, 2013). The "Sex offender Tracker" use offender databases to identify offenders can solve this challenge. However, it raises numerous privacy questions that need to be addressed.MilitaryThe US military applies AR technologies such as the wearable HUD and also funds research into AR technologies. DARPA (2012) want to bring AR displays to contact lenses that are held as the climax of visual informational integration of AR overlays. Individual c ompanies are also designing HMD AR such as Liteye with the intention to change the very nature of military work.Safety MeasureLaw enforcers can directly apply AR in areas of safety regulations and emergency response. The AR HMDs can also be utilized in fire-fighting with HUDs displaying vital signs, facial-recognition with colleagues, signs of injury or RFDI link with medical records, structural weakness detection in buildings, and enhanced communication with colleagues and Headquarters. The technology has been used to successively guide nuclear power-plants. However, this application raises issues about the over-reliance AR that can lack alternative response in case of an emergency (Ho Poong, 2012).Courtroom integrationAR can be integrated with the judicial systems. Courtrooms have been embracing change in terms of technological advancement. This move is likely to see further advancement of AR such as teleconferencing capabilities. Such adjustments should witness as high-tech envi ronment of real projection of images and audio of people who are not present in the court room (Lederer, 2005). The idea is ideal for people who only play in partial role the trials. Although the jury may prefer their presence for integrity and secrecy reasons, it is not enough to conclude that lack of physical presence would compromise the trial even if the judge were not present given that the holographic real-time representation of their virtual presence from wherever they are. Of course, such application of AR would require a change in the meaning of being physically "present" in a place. Other legal clauses of having someone present in a place would also be affected. The likely legal areas to be affected by this definition include witnessing signatures on legal documents which beg the question whether one can witness in an AR-form. While addressing this challenge, SCOTUS Justice Scalia holds that the Confrontation Clause that compel accusers to make their accusations in the pre sence of the defendants, would not be followed. According to her, AR portrayal of defendant image and the virtual confrontation do not amount to protection of real constitutional rights (Amendments to Rule 26(b)).The transformation of courts to 2-d animations of jurors is another challenge that AR must address. The standards of realistic experience of jurors may change and hence the standard courtroom evidence. AR can bring important improvement in courtroom treatment of evidence. For example, a real-time capture of a person speeding hence causing accidents. AR has recording abilities which may add to the database of evidence. AR would replace the fallible evidence based on memories with reliable documentation that would substantiate claims in courts (Lederer, 2005).Lederer recognizes that the application of AR in courtrooms may face barriers in terms of effective application. Like other technological innovations, it may a...

Is There a Binding Contract between Mary and Ruby Free Essay Example, 1250 words

In Partridge v Crittenden, an advertisement had been placed in a magazine by the defendant. It stated that there were bramble finches for sale. The sale of these birds was an offence under the provisions of Section 6 of the Protection of Birds Act 1954. Thereafter, the defendant was convicted for this offence, which he appealed. The appellate court set aside the conviction, on the grounds that the advertisement was nothing more than an invitation to treat, and not an offer. Similarly, in our problem, Mary had placed an advertisement in a magazine, regarding the sale of the antique bakery cutters. This advertisement was merely an invitation to treat, as per the ruling in the above case. Consequently, the advertisement placed by Mary does not constitute an offer. Nevertheless, when the advertisement can be construed to contain an offer, any individual who accepts it will be entitled to a claim. This was the ruling in Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company. In Warlow v Harrison, the adv ertisement stated that an auction would be held without reserve. The court held that these terms of the auctioneer constituted an independent personal offer to the highest bidder in the auction. We will write a custom essay sample on Is There a Binding Contract between Mary and Ruby or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

A Guide to Shanghainese

Since Shanghai is in the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), the official language of the city is standard Mandarin Chinese, also known as  Putonghua. However, the traditional language of the Shanghai region is Shanghainese, which is a dialect of Wu Chinese which is not mutually intelligible with Mandarin Chinese. Shanghainese is spoken by about 14 million people. It has retained its cultural significance for the Shanghai region, despite the introduction of Mandarin Chinese as the official language in 1949. For many years, Shanghainese was banned from primary and secondary schools, with the result that many young residents of Shanghai do not speak the language. Recently, however, there has been a movement to protect the language and to reintroduce it into the education system. Shanghai Shanghai is the largest city in the PRC, with a population of more than 24 million people. It is a major cultural and financial center and an important port for container shipments. The Chinese characters for this city are ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ ·, which is pronounced Shà  nghÇŽi. The first character ä ¸Å  (shà  ng) means on, and the second character æ µ · (hÇŽi) means ocean. The name ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ · (Shà  nghÇŽi) adequately describes the location of this city, since it is a port city on the mouth of the Yangtze River by the East China Sea. Mandarin vs Shanghainese Mandarin and Shanghainese are distinct languages which are mutually unintelligible. For example, there are 5 tones in Shanghainese versus only 4 tones in Mandarin. Voiced initials are used in Shanghainese, but not in Mandarin. Also, changing tones affects both words and phrases in Shanghainese, while it only affects words in Mandarin. Writing Chinese characters are used to write Shanghainese. The written language is one of the most important factors in unifying the various Chinese cultures, since it can be read by most Chinese, regardless of their spoken language or dialect. The primary exception to this is the split between traditional and simplified Chinese characters. Simplified Chinese characters were introduced by the PRC in the 1950s, and can differ greatly from the traditional Chinese characters still used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, and many overseas Chinese communities. Shanghai, as part of the PRC, uses simplified characters. Sometimes Chinese characters are used for their Mandarin sounds to write Shanghainese. This type of Shanghainese writing is seen on Internet blog posts and chat rooms as well as in some Shanghainese textbooks. Decline of Shanghainese From the early 1990s, the PRC banned Shanghainese from the education system, with the result that many of the young residents of Shanghai no longer speak the language fluently. Because the younger generation of Shanghai residents has been educated in Mandarin Chinese, the Shanghainese they speak is often mixed with Mandarin words and expressions. This type of Shanghainese is quite different from the language that older generations speak, which has created fears that real Shanghainese is a dying language. Modern Shanghainese In recent years, a movement has started to try to preserve the Shanghai language by promoting its cultural roots. The Shanghai government is sponsoring educational programs, and there is a movement to reintroduce Shanghainese language learning from kindergarten through to university. Interest in preserving Shanghainese is strong, and many young people, even though they speak a mixture of Mandarin and Shanghainese, see Shanghainese as a badge of distinction. Shanghai, as one of the most important cities of the PRC, has important cultural and financial ties with the rest of the world. The city is using those ties to promote Shanghai culture and the Shanghainese language.

The Supernatural Of William Shakespeare s Macbeth

Abraham Maslow once said, â€Å"We need not take refuge in supernatural gods to explain our saints and sages and heroes and statesmen, as if to explain our disbelief that mere unaided human beings could be that good or wise.† In an odd way, this applies to William Shakespeare’s tragedies. Shakespeare seemed to frequently fall back on the use of supernatural elements in order to pull his plays together. He would turn to them for aid in his story telling and use them to further explain the scenes that were taking place, and that would eventually take place. By tying the supernatural world into his plays, Shakespeare was able to draw in his audience and keep them entertained. Because pieces of his plot were able to apply to their lives, the audience members were captivated by it; therefore, William Shakespeare was a genius for that. However, by using elements of the supernatural, such as the three witch’s in Macbeth sharing their prophecies, Shakespeare is able to t ie in religion. In Elizabethan England the religious beliefs would frequently flip-flop between Catholic and Protestant, two religions that were similar yet different; however, a major point that is stressed in the Bible is that there is to be no communicating with the dead. It’s forbidden by the highest power of them all†¦ God. Characters such as the three witches were used in Macbeth as a way to predict the future actions of Macbeth. Had the three witches not told Macbeth that he were to be king, then he most likelyShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth - The Natural And Supernatural World1313 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature 12/3/15 To be or not to be? That is the Question of Macbeth The idea that not everything is quite what it seems is not a new one, and has been explored even long before the time of William Shakespeare; however, the playwright whose name has remained the talk of dinner tables worldwide, did an exceptional job of weighing the plurality of the different forms of the natural world. In the Scottish play, Macbeth, Shakespeare both entertains his audience, and poses questions as to what isRead MoreThe Supernatural Element Of William Shakespeare s Macbeth1265 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is interesting is what each supernatural element represents in Shakespeare’s society and in our current society. The supernatural elements in Macbeth include fate, the witches, mythological beings, ghosts, and apparitions. I believe that the witches in Shakespeare’s time, in the play and in real life, represent the power of choice. The power to be able to decide to commit murder or any other heinous act or decide to let things naturally happen shows the classic choice between good and evil,Read MoreSupernatural Events in William Shakespeare ´s Macbeth671 Words   |  3 PagesSupernatural Events in Macbeth The supernatural events that occurred in the play Macbeth are an essential part of the plot that creates a way for the audience to see the insights of the characters. All of these supernatural occurrences are a way to show the evil paths that the characters will eventually lead. These paranormal events lead the characters to behave in an unnatural way. There is a multitude of variations in how the supernatural appears such as the three sister witches, the dagger, aRead MoreMacbeth Themes899 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"What are the major themes in Macbeth† By Connor Maguire William Shakespeare’s Macbeth a play complete with many themes and viewpoints. The themes are exhibited by the main characters of the play, notably antagonist Macbeth. Themes seen in the play include ambition, where is is portrayed as both dangerous and unnatural. However, it does exist in both good and evil forms in the play. Another theme seen is whether Macbeths actions in the play are a result of fate, or free will. Although outsideRead MoreThemes in Macbeth742 Words   |  3 PagesWithin Shakespeare s famous Macbeth there are many different themes that make the play the captivating masterpiece that it is. The role of the supernatural is a very important element of Shakespeare s Macbeth. Just as important, the theme of masculinity is very dominant. Both themes contribute to the play s unique and powerful nature, overall creating a very effective storyline, strong characters, and unexpected twists and turns throughout. In the time of William Shakespeare thereRead More Comparing the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Hamlet and Macbeth 921 Words   |  4 PagesComparing the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Hamlet and Macbeth  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   In the time of William Shakespeare there was a strong belief in the existence of the supernatural. Therefore, the supernatural is a recurring theme in many of Shakespeares plays. In two such plays, Hamlet and Macbeth, the supernatural is an integral part of the structure of the plot. It provides a catalyst for action, an insight into character, and an augmentation of the impact of many key scenes. TheRead MoreImportance Of Shakespeare s Macbeth 1519 Words   |  7 Pages Importance of the Witches in Macbeth by William Shakespeare Throughout all of history, witches are known for practicing magic and creating prophecies to predict any future. In any scene involving witches, it is important to know their role in the play, whether they change the outcome of the play or simply influenced it, and the supernatural features the play comes along with in its time. In No Fear Shakespeare Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the play starts out with the three witchesRead More The Supernatural in Shakespeares Works Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesThe Supernatural in Shakespeares Works No one questions the fact that William Shakespeare is a pure genius when it comes to creating immortal characters whose characteristics transcends those of the normal supernatural beings, but most students of literature agree that his uses of the supernatural aren’t merely figments of his creative imagination. Every man, woman, and child is influenced by the age into which they are born and Shakespeare was no exception. Not only does his use of supernaturalRead MoreSupernatural Soliciting Within Shakespeare s Macbeth1728 Words   |  7 Pages November 6th, 2017 Supernatural Soliciting within Shakespeare s Macbeth Shakespeare’s Macbeth is broadly known as a cursed play by a myriad of individuals globally. Given its appalling history of death and disorder, as well as the supernatural elements present within the play, many have come to the latter conclusion. To add, Macbeth is also a tragedy, adding more malediction to the already allegedly accursed play. To create such a tragic, ill-fated play, Shakespeare uses a vast variety ofRead MoreMacbeth - Supernatural Theme809 Words   |  4 PagesThe presence of supernatural forces in William Shakespeare s, Macbeth, provides for much of the play s dramatic tension and the mounting suspense. Several supernatural apparitions throughout the play profoundly affect Macbeth and the evil forces eventually claim Macbeth and destroy his morals. Macbeth s ambition was driven by the prophecies of the three witches and unlike Banquo, he was willing to do anything to assure that they actually transpire. Macbeth is horrified at the notion of killi ng

Symbolism of a Dolls House - 2840 Words

Alex Simonton Research Paper Third Period April 15, 2015 Symbolism of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen is perhaps one of the most hotly debated plays to come out of the 19th century. The eighteen hundreds continued the process of the demystification that began with the Enlightenment. Because of the discoveries of the Enlightenment, humans could no longer be sure about their place in the universe. This, of course, had an impact on the theater. The movement toward realism, which, like the 19th century in general, was an attempt to become more scientific. Ibsen is considered by many as the father of realism, and one of the plays that belong to Ibsen s realism period is A Doll’s House. But the play†¦show more content†¦The symbolic nature of the title is drawn out over the course of the play. The play forces the reader, or viewer, to look beneath the surface of what appears to be a perfect Victorian household. Ibsen, through the use of realistic stage setting, can show a typical Victorian household and marriage fall to pieces: He means to make a modern home go to pieces before our very eyes, from necessity within itself. It must contain everything that can attract: Simplicity, gladness, power of work, good temper, gentle and strong regard, love of beauty, merry little children, friends, well-managed servants, good habits, good reputation, a position which has at length been won by praiseworthy endeavors, etc.; but also a husband who has such an essentially false idea of happiness between man and woman, that it has practically undermined this delightful home, and it is ready to fall in, at any moment (Lord 96). The picture of the perfect household that is contained in the setting is symbolic for both Nora and Torvald. It is symbolic for Nora because it is her job to keep the surface of their lives clean and tidy. But is also symbolic of her attempt to hide the secrets she has inside. By the play s end Nora will emerge as the person she really is, a person stripped of the mask of the perfect Victor ian household: At last, in an extraordinary scene, she declares that she can no longer live in her doll s house; husband and wife sit downShow MoreRelated Symbolism in A Doll’s House Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† is a controversial play focusing on the marriage of Nora and Torvald Helmer. The play is filled with symbols that represent abstract ideas and concepts. These symbols effectively illustrate the inner conflicts that are going on between the characters. Henrik Ibsen’s use of symbolism such as the Christmas tree, the locked mailbox, the Tarantella, Dr. Rank’s calling cards, and the letters allows him to give a powerful portrayal to symbolize aspects of characters andRead MoreSymbolism and Sexism in Ibsen’s â€Å"a Doll’s House† Essays949 Words   |  4 Pages Symbolism and Sexism in Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† Henrik Ibsen, the author of the controversial play â€Å"A Doll’s House† said, â€Å"There are two kinds of moral laws, two kinds of conscience, one for men and one, quite different, for women. They don’t understand each other; but in practical life, woman is judged by masculine law, as though she weren’t a woman but a man†¦A woman cannot be herself in modern society.† Isben created the plot of â€Å"A Doll’s House† from those ideas. IbsenRead More Symbolism in A Dolls House. by Henrik Ibsen Essays1637 Words   |  7 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† a nineteenth century play successfully uses symbolism to express many characteristics of Helmer’s life, together with the way that the main character Nora feels towards her marriage at the end of the play. Ibsen’s use of symbolism to convey about the social setting, including the harsh male-controlled Danish society, seen mostly in T orvald in the play and the role of women, signified mostly in Nora. These symbols act as foretelling before the tragic eventsRead MoreSymbolism of Houses in A Dolls House and A Rose For Emily Essay894 Words   |  4 Pagesthe act of avoiding a flawed and evolving society. Whereas, â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Katherine Mansfield portrays the way that a flawed society can change through small acts of resistance that break the boundaries of social hierarchies. Both Mansfield and Faulkner use houses as symbols of a flawed society in their stories, however the manner in which they use these symbols are very different. In a â€Å"Rose for Emily†, Faulkner uses Emily’s house as a symbol of the barrier Emily forms between herself and societyRead More Symbolism in A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay example2771 Words   |  12 PagesSymbolism in A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen      Ã‚   A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen is perhaps one of the most hotly debated plays to come out of the 19th century.   The 19th century continued the process of the demystification that began with the Enlightenment.   Because of the discoveries of the Enlightenment, humans could no longer be sure about their place in the universe.   This, of course, had an impact on the theater.   The movement toward realism, which, like the 19th century in generalRead More Noras Symbolism in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House Essay973 Words   |  4 PagesNoras Symbolism in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House      Ã‚  Ã‚   In every society power is the bringer of fortune and influence. In his play A Dolls House, Henrik Ibsen portrays, through the character of Nora, the power women are gaining in patriarchal societies. Nora, who symbolizes all women, exercises her power throughout the entire play. She cleverly manipulates the men around her while, to them, she seems to be staying in her subordinate role. In all three acts of the play Nora controls manyRead MoreRealism Theatre Essay1085 Words   |  5 Pagesuse of symbolism, character development, stage setting and storyline and is exemplified in plays such as Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House and Anton Chekhovs The Three Sisters. The arrival of realism was indeed good for theatre as it promoted greater audience involvement and raised awareness of contemporary social and moral issues. It also provided and continues to provide a medium through which playwrights can express their views about societal values, attitudes and morals. A Dolls House is theRead MoreLiterature and Aspects of the Human Experience Essays1584 Words   |  7 Pagesthis theme of love are: â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, â€Å"Love Song†, and â€Å"A Doll’s House†. Although some of the stories deal with family and parental love, this paper will focus on the aspect of romantic love. In the story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner romantic love was between Emily and the doomed Homer Barron; the poem â€Å"Love Song† by Joseph Brodsky gives the declarations of a man in love; and finally in the drama â€Å"A Doll’s House† Nora is fighting for the romantic love of her husband Torvald HelmerRead MoreSymbols and Conflict in A Dolls House Essay example1088 Words   |  5 PagesSymbols and Conflict in A Doll’s House Symbolism is used commonly in literature to reveal a deeper meaning through something indirectly. As defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, symbolism is â€Å" the art or practice of using symbols especially by investing things with a symbolic meaning or by expressing the invisible or intangible by means of visible or sensuous representations† (Symbolism.). From colors and emotions, such as red and romance, to animals, like doves and peace, symbols betterRead MoreHenrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Essay example1182 Words   |  5 Pages Phylogeny versus misogyny, arguable one of the greatest binary oppositions in a work of literature, is present in Henrik Ibsen’s 1879 Norwegian play A Doll’s House. The title itself suggests a misogynist view, while the work mainly consists of feminist ideology, as Ibsen was a supporter of the female as an independent, rather than a dependent on a male. Nora knew herself that her husband did not fully respect her, and this became a major conflict in the play as Nora progressively became more self-reliant

Role of Women in the American Revolution Free Essays

Role of Women in the American Revolution The role of women played in any given war is quite often severely underestimated. This sentiment especially goes for the American Revolutionary War, where women actually played an absolutely essential role in our victory against the British. Not only where there different types of women who had helped, but there were many different ways each of them helped–particularly as nurses to help save lives and tend to injured soldiers. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Women in the American Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now Without women helping in the war, we would have most certainly lost (National History Education Clearinghouse). One way that women helped out in the war was that they went directly to the source–by dressing up as men and going to fight in the front lines, women (e. g. Deborah Samson) were able to help America emerge victorious (â€Å"People of the Revolution†). Some women fought in a more subtle manner, by keeping house back home and tending to their husband’s businesses while they were at war (Zitek). They boycotted British products by participating in the Homespun Movement, where they wove their own clothing rather than wearing British-imported dresses, which served as a major act of bold defiance. Other women even acted as spies (e. g. Lydia Darragh in 1777, who eavesdropped on quartered British soldiers and relayed their plans of attack to the American patriots) during the war, helping the patriots win. (â€Å"www. revolutionary-war. net†). Different types of women also participated in the Revolutionary War. Patriotic women boycotted against British products, helped care for their husband’s property on the home front, and had even spied on British soldiers (â€Å"www. revolutionary-war. net†). However, loyalist women also played a role in counteracting these efforts. Loyalists as well as patriots acted as spies (e. g. Ann Bates, Miss Jenny) and in general posed as an obstacle for the patriotic women (Buesche). As for Native-Americans, Native-American women supported the British, as they knew that a patriotic win would result in further westward expansion and further destruction of their homes. African-American women were pushed into the workforce as blacks in general were recognized as a powerful labor-intensive force (Zitek). In addition to all the roles patriotic women played in helping America emerge victorious, one of the biggest methods was nursing. Battle nurses were organized into army ranks, the highest rank having been ‘matron’. Their necessity was so that the ratio for wounded soldiers to nurses was 10:1. Even George Washington himself had found female nurses indispensable–he demanded they be present to help nurse soldiers back to health on and off the battlefield (National History Education Clearinghouse). Overall, women were an integral and vital part of the Revolutionary War. While few fought on the front lines, others helped in more subtle ways that showed rebellion and helped edge the USA towards long-awaited victory. Men thought women were incapable of understanding the intricacies of war and were proven incorrect time and time again. Whether through spying, healing, or fighting, without women, Britain most certainly would’ve overpowered America in the Revolutionary War. Citations Buesche, John. â€Å"Spy in a Petticoat. † Teaching History. National History Organization Clearinghouse, n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. Buesche) National History Education Clearinghouse, Browse tech for teachers. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (National History Education Clearinghouse) People of the revolution, P.. â€Å"Voices of the American Revolution. † Deborah Sampson. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (â€Å"People of the Revolution†) â€Å"Revolutionary War Spies. † www. revolutionary-war. net. Rose Creek Village, 2010. Web. 24 May 2012. . (â€Å"www. revolutionary-war. net†) Zitek, C.. â€Å"Women in the American Revolution. † . N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (Zitek) How to cite Role of Women in the American Revolution, Papers

Business & Government in Global Context †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Government in Global Context . Answer: Introduction The report presents a brief overview of the journal article The business strategy and environment which was written by Rory Sullivan and Andy Gouldson. It explains that how corporate governance plays a significant role in the internal management and external governance pressure. Corporate governance The business strategy and environment journal article have been selected for summarization of this report. It was written by Rory Sullivan and Andy Gouldson. The article explains that how governments, investors, large companies, and nongovernment organizations adopt a range of carbon and power management practices and it also explains that what actions they take to reduce the green house emissions. The article emphasizes the significance of external governance force, internal governance situations and the stage and structure between internal and external government. It ensures that internal government, environment changes, external pressures and commercial actions interact and influence to each other (Crane et al, 2008). The article gives a brief overview of the importance of diverse force and situations as a key determinant of their power and aptitude which influence the behavior of corporate governance (Brealey et al, 2012). It explains that how potential affect the internal government situations and external corporate governance force. The external government force influence and affects internal management process and association policies and actions. Therefore some important decisions are taken by the companies so it requires funds investment. The companies will invest money in case of financial crisis. The external government anxiety force to the organization to take a decision and sometimes companies also cross the boundaries of business (Tricker Tricker, 2015). In corporations, old governance situations power was focused in the state; it is also called articulation of power. In new governance situation, power is circulated in wider networks with the help of several actors with various capacities and diversity. Internal management of the company and external management play a significant role in the governance of the corporation. In internal management, corporate governance refers to rules, policies, and regulations that determine how the company is controlled and directed by these rules and policies. In internal governance, decisions are taken by the shareholders and board of directors. Corporate governance refers to control and solution of problems and it also controls behavior for increasing shareholders value from commercial activities (Larcker Tayan, 2015). Further, business activities can also be managed by the culture and values which dominate the organization and several departments of the organization. These culture and values are responsible for different forces and opportunities of the company. These culture and values are used by leaders and managers of the company for setting up mission, vision, and code of conduct (Bainbridge, 2012). The main object of corporate governance is to facilitate excellent, successful and prudent management for achievement of long term goals and objectives of the company. The report focuses on the international retailers like U.K, Japan, Germany, and France, US, Australia and they all play a significant role in capital investment. Corporate governance plays important role in changing ownership framework, growing number of scam, globalization, merger, and acquisition. The good corporate governance ensures the success and growth and it helps to eliminate corruption, wastage and risk management. It build s and enhances investors confidence as a result of this it will increase the capital of the company (Aras, 2016). Conclusion Now it is concluded that corporate governance plays a vital role in the internal management and external governance pressure and it is also important for corporate success and economic growth. References Aras, G., 2016.A handbook of corporate governance and social responsibility. CRC Press. Crane, A., Matten, D., Moon, J. and Moon, J., 2008.Corporations and citizenship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Larcker, D. and Tayan, B., 2015.Corporate governance matters: A closer look at organizational choices and their consequences. Pearson Education. Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Bainbridge, S.M., 2012.Corporate governance after the financial crisis. Oxford University Press. Brealey, R.A., Myers, S.C., Allen, F. Mohanty, P., 2012.Principles of corporate finance. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.

Iphone Product Life Cycle free essay sample

Product life cycle describes the profit and sales earned by a product over its whole life. There are fives stages: product development, introduction, growth, maturity and decline. iPhone is a new technology advance and it has already gained a favorable result in the market. Therefore, it should be in the growth stage now. On April 2003 our CEO believes that cell phones were going to become important appliances for portable information access. That’s why we entered the cell phone market and it is the product development stage. At that time, iPhone had not yet been launched and was still developed in progress. We continuously generated new ideas. After long period of development, iPhone has finally been available and comes to the introduction stage. In this stage, we have to raise the awareness of public and attract more customers. In January 9, we introduced the function of iPhone at the Macworld convention and invested lots of money in advertising through posters and TV commercials. We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Product Life Cycle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The promotion and distribution cost are very high while the sales growth are low. It is because few people had confidence in trying new products. Only the portion of early adopters such as strong Apple brand loyalty technology followers would buy iPhone at this time. Following introduction stage, it is growth stage. Since iPhone is gaining the popularity and good reputation, people are more willing to buy. Thus, sales volume and profit increase rapidly. From the BetaNews file forum, appendix 1, 500,000 iPhones had been sold nationwide over the weekend. The articles, Appendix 2, also shows iphone is our fastest product to be sold out, giving over 1 million sales. To cater the rapid growth of business, we have increased distribution stores over 4 countries in half year. Iphone Product Life Cycle free essay sample Product life cycle describes the profit and sales earned by a product over its whole life. There are fives stages: product development, introduction, growth, maturity and decline. iPhone is a new technology advance and it has already gained a favorable result in the market. Therefore, it should be in the growth stage now. On April 2003 our CEO believes that cell phones were going to become important appliances for portable information access. That’s why we entered the cell phone market and it is the product development stage. At that time, iPhone had not yet been launched and was still developed in progress. We continuously generated new ideas. After long period of development, iPhone has finally been available and comes to the introduction stage. In this stage, we have to raise the awareness of public and attract more customers. In January 9, we introduced the function of iPhone at the Macworld convention and invested lots of money in advertising through posters and TV commercials. We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Product Life Cycle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The promotion and distribution cost are very high while the sales growth are low. It is because few people had confidence in trying new products. Only the portion of early adopters such as strong Apple brand loyalty technology followers would buy iPhone at this time. Following introduction stage, it is growth stage. Since iPhone is gaining the popularity and good reputation, people are more willing to buy. Thus, sales volume and profit increase rapidly. From the BetaNews file forum, appendix 1, 500,000 iPhones had been sold nationwide over the weekend. The articles, Appendix 2, also shows iphone is our fastest product to be sold out, giving over 1 million sales. To cater the rapid growth of business, we have increased distribution stores over 4 countries in half year.

How to Call in Sick Without Putting Your Job at Risk

How to Call in Sick Without Putting Your Job at Risk Calling in sick has almost fallen out of fashion. Ever heard of â€Å"presenteeism†? That’s the idea that really committed employees come to work no matter what- even when they shouldn’t. Don’t buy into this theory–there are definitely  legitimate reasons for calling in sick from time to time. Follow these rules to make sure you’re using this rare privilege appropriately.1. If you’re really sick,  please stay home.If you have a virulent new cold- or the flu- or any other highly contagious situation, STAY HOME. You won’t be productive, and you could get other people sick and then take down everyone’s productivity. Stay home for a day or two and come back refreshed. Your team will thank you.Oh, and a hangover does not count. Have an aspirin and some coffee and get your butt to work. You can’t call in â€Å"bad choices.†2. Protect your mental health.If you really need a mental health day, take one. Try sche duling in advance to avoid leaving your colleagues in the lurch. If you need to take one spontaneously, it can be okay to use a sick day. A simple â€Å"stomach bug† ought to do the trick, without requiring you to invent many details. Tickets to something cool don’t count as reasons to take a mental health day, by the way. Keep it legit.3. Assess the number of sick days to take.Does your job even give sick days? It’s a sad world when we have to ask this question, but if you don’t have any sick time, or you’ll be taking a pay cut by staying home, you’ll have to be even more discerning making your day-of decision. But again, if you’re contagious- especially if you work for the elderly or in food service- you just might have to stay home.4. Follow the rules.Remember that employee handbook you got on hiring? Look up the protocol for whom to notify and how to set up an away message on your voice and email. Make sure the chain of command is notified. Protect yourself from scrutiny. When in doubt, think about how your boss and coworkers have reacted to others calling in sick, and try to make it as uncomplicated on yourself as possible.5. Make it easy for your team.If you routinely do good and thorough work, keep your team updated, and keep all shared files and resources updated and ready for anyone to jump in and use, then taking a sick day won’t ruin anyone else’s week. Make a habit of keeping your tasks in order and dotting all your ‘i’s at the end of every day. This will make it easier for you to tag out for one day when you’re really suffering.6. Take care of your family.If you have a sick kid at home, stay home and take care of them if you can. Or if your spouse or aging parent needs urgent care, make that a priority. Most workplaces will be tolerant of a few of these emergency situations per year- just make sure you don’t abuse the privilege. Only take it when you have to and it’s legit.7. Be smart and safe.If there’s a hurricane or blizzard or monsoon out there and you don’t have a safe and ready way to work, it’s okay to stay home. Don’t put yourself in bodily danger navigating dodgy roads to get to work. That said, if the weather isn’t seriously dangerous, you should just suck it up. Sometimes it rains.8. Understand that things happen.If your toilet explodes, or you have a job interview, or something else emergent comes up, it’s okay to call in sick. Just make sure you have a really good reason and that you don’t pull this trick too often. Take care of yourself, but be sure to also take care of your job.

Daniel Hale Williams, Heart Surgery Pioneer

Daniel Hale Williams, Heart Surgery Pioneer American physician Daniel Hale Williams (January 18, 1856- August 4, 1931), a pioneer in the field of medicine, was the first African American to perform successful open heart surgery. Dr. Williams also founded Chicagos Provident Hospital and co-founded the National Medical Association. Fast Facts: Dr. Daniel Hale Williams Full Name: Daniel Hale Williams, IIIBorn: January 18, 1856 in Hollidaysburg, PennsylvaniaDied: August 4, 1931 in Idlewild, MichiganParents: Daniel Hale Williams, II and Sarah Price WilliamsSpouse: Alice Johnson (m. 1898-1924)Education: M.D. from Chicago Medical College (now Northwestern University Medical School)Key Accomplishments: First African American to perform successful open heart surgery, founder of Provident Hospital (the first  black owned and operated interracial hospital in the U.S.), and co-founder of the National Medical Association. Early Years Daniel Hale Williams, III, was born on January 18, 1856 to Daniel Hale and Sarah Price Williams in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. His father was a barber and the family, including Daniel and his six siblings, moved to Annapolis, Maryland, when Daniel was a young boy. Shortly after the move, his father died from tuberculosis and his mother moved the family to Baltimore, Maryland. Daniel became a shoemakers apprentice for a while and later moved to Wisconsin, where he became a barber. After graduating from high school, Daniel grew interested in medicine and served as an apprentice to a well known local surgeon, Dr. Henry Palmer. This apprenticeship lasted two years, and then Daniel was accepted to the Chicago Medical College, affiliated with Northwestern University. He graduated in 1883 with an M.D. degree. Career and Accomplishments Dr. Daniel Hale Williams began practicing medicine and surgery at Chicagos South Side Dispensary. He was also the first African American anatomy instructor at Chicago Medical College, where he taught notable future physicians such as Mayo Clinics co-founder Charles Mayo. By 1889, other notable appointments for Dr. Williams included the City Railway Company, the Protestant Orphan Asylum, and the Illinois State Board of Health. These were very unique accomplishments for the time, considering that there were very few black doctors at this point in African American history. Dr. Williams gained a reputation as a highly skilled surgeon whose practice included treatment for all patients, regardless of race. This was life-saving for African Americans at the time because they were not allowed admittance to hospitals. African American doctors were not allowed on staff in hospitals either. In 1890, a friend of Dr. Williams asked him for help as his sister was being denied entrance into nursing school because she was black. In 1891, Dr. Williams founded the Provident Hospital and Nursing Training School. This was the first  black owned and operated interracial hospital in the U.S. and served as a training ground for nurses and African American doctors. First Open Heart Surgery In 1893, Dr. Williams gained notoriety for successfully treating a man, James Cornish, with stab wounds to the heart. Although physicians at the time were aware of the revolutionary works of Louis Pastuer and Joseph Lister in relation to germs and medical surgery, open heart surgery was generally avoided due to the high risk of infection and subsequent death. Williams had no access to X-rays, antibiotics, anesthetics, blood transfusions, or modern equipment. Employing Listers antiseptic technique, he performed the surgery suturing the pericardium (protective lining) of the heart. This would be the first successful heart surgery performed by an African American and second by an American doctor. In 1891, Henry C. Dalton had surgically repaired a pericardial wound of the heart on a patient in St. Louis. Later Years In 1894, Dr. Williams obtained the position of surgeon-in-chief at Freedmens Hospital in Washington, D.C. This hospital served the needs of the poor and newly freed slaves after the Civil War. In four years, Williams transformed the hospital, making dramatic improvements in the admission of surgical cases and drastically reducing the hospitals mortality rate. Dr. Daniel Hale Williams succeeded in the face of discrimination his entire life. In 1895, he co-founded the National Medical Association in response to the American Medical Associations denial of membership to blacks. The National Medical Association became the only national professional organization available for black physicians. In 1898, Williams resigned from Freedmens Hospital and married Alice Johnson, daughter of sculptor Moses Jacob Ezekiel. The newlyweds returned to Chicago, where Williams became chief of surgery at Provident Hospital. Death and Legacy After resigning from his position at Provident Hospital in 1912, Williams was appointed staff surgeon at St. Lukes Hospital in Chicago. Among his many honors, he was named the American College of Surgeons first black fellow. He remained at St. Lukes Hospital until suffering a stroke in 1926. Upon his retirement, Williams spent his remaining days in Idlewild, Michigan, where he died on August 4, 1931. Dr. Daniel Hale Williams would leave a legacy of greatness in the face of discrimination. He demonstrated that African Americans are no less intelligent or valuable than any other Americans. He saved many lives by establishing Provident Hospital and provided proficient medical care, and he also helped train a new generation of African American physicians and nurses. Sources Daniel Hale Willaims : Alumni Exhibit. Walter Dill Scott, University Archives, Northwestern University Library, Northwestern University Archives (NUL), exhibits.library.northwestern.edu/archives/exhibits/alumni/williams.html.Daniel Hale Williams. Biography.com, AE Networks Television, 19 Jan. 2018, www.biography.com/people/daniel-hale-williams-9532269.History - Dr. Daniel Hale Williams. The Provident Foundation, www.providentfoundation.org/index.php/history/history-dr-daniel-hale-williams.Nations Second Open-Heart Surgery Performed In Chicago 119 Years Ago. The Huffington Post, TheHuffingtonPost.com, 10 July 2017, www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/09/daniel-hale-williams-perf_n_1659949.html.

The Mini (car) between 1998 and 2015 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Mini (car) between 1998 and 2015 - Assignment Example On the other hand, many spare parts from the past are still useable in the present. For example, engine mounting has remained the same over the years. This is why the mini is one of the most economic cars of today’s age. The company producing minis was in the year 2000 bought by BMW a renowned high quality and class brand of car production. BMW bought the mini car production from the Rover group that was the original production company. BMW introduced the Mini Cooper in place for the mini cars. The key terms employed in 1998 and before to market the mini cars included low mileage, price friendly and uniquely styled (Thoms 1998). Today’s keywords for mini cars have drawn more attention they include; well-known brand, competitive model, iconic, powerful, hybrid, environmental friendly, laudable and so on. Semantics is the study of what words meanwhile inference involves what one draws from and the conclusions made. The wording used today mean that people are more interested in the brands of the cars than the prices. The conclusion made is that, although pricing is an important factor, more importance is drawn from the status the mini cooper brings. The social contexts of mini car advertisements greatly influence consumer market. They draw the line in most cases of who can fit in to purchase the car and who is the potential buyer. Car modeling defines the use of a car. Through the ads, the mini car’s function is highly emphasized. Whether it is a leisure car or a daily use car. The terms illustrated above to advertise mini coopers today, clearly identify mini coopers as vehicles that are growing in class and even in use. The target market has changed from the lower middle class to upper middle class and first class socially. The competitive nature of the advertisements is just attractive to bring in a more consumer-ready market. Words like powerful, iconic, hybrid and so on are associated with the brands.

America's Foreign Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

America's Foreign Policies - Essay Example Both the army and navy were less than 30,000 troops separately, and being situated in the midst of weak or friendly nations, no thought was given to building up an armed force for any reason (Mintz). Americans also felt badly towards expanding any holdings abroad, as the popular sentiment was that it went against the democracy that the country held dear to its heart, even more than a hundred years after winning it (Mintz). That changed, however, when European powers towards the end of the century started acquiring overseas holdings themselves, eventually becoming rulers of a fifth of the world between 1870 and 1900 (Mintz). Fearing that the United States would one day be left with nothing but the country that it had already started, sentiment changed to allow overseas diplomacy and dealings, which were brought to the forefront by the foreign policies of President Theodore Roosevelt, President William Howard Taft, and President Woodrow Wilson. Though these three had sometimes radicall y different views on how to handle different situations with respect to countries around the world, it cannot be denied that all had a hand in shaping the United States as a world power by the early 1920s. Theodore Roosevelt came into the presidency believing, in a way, that America was not enough for America. He believed that the United States should expand its presence in foreign countries and territories, and had a strongly â€Å"imperialistic philosophy† about where the nation stood, and should stand, in the world (â€Å"American Experience†). Despite being a diplomat who was more than capable of brokering any negotiation through words, Roosevelt believed that the nation should be ready to fight to protect its own interests above everyone else, and supported war in order to make his point to other countries about the greatness of America (â€Å"American Experience†). This can be seen in his main ambition while in office, which was to build a canal

An analysis of eBay

An analysis of eBay INTRODUCTION 1.eBay is known all over the world as the leading online Marketplace (TM) which came in to life in 1995,eBay Inc, was founded by Pierre M. Omidyarand its headquartered in San Jose, California, TM (2002). eBay created a special platform for the sales of goods and services by a passionate village of individuals and business. On days there are millions of items across thousand of categories for sale on eBay just like Half.com, eBays site dedicated to fixed price trading. eBay allows trade on a Local, National and International basis, with customize site in marketing all over the world. eBay, together with its sub-visions, bring online marketplaces for the sale of goods and services, online payment services, and online communication offerings to a diverse community of individual and business in the USA and Internationally. The company operates in three Intentions: eBay Marketplace, Payments, and Communications. The eBay Marketplaces: This platform provides infrastructure to enable online commerce in a variety of formats, including the traditional auction platform; and its other online platforms, such as Rent.com, Shopping.com, Kijiji, mobile.de, and Marktplaats.nl. Its services include trust and safety programs, reply forum, safe chanel program, eBay standard purchase protection program, customer support, tools and services. The Payments segment: Feeds a product for small businesses, online sellers, and individuals that enables them to send and receive payments online. Its services include joining the network, crosscheck of its PayPals account holders, withdrawing funds. The Communications segment: provide voice over Internet protocol calls between Skype subscribers, also provides connectivity to traditional fixed-line and handheld telephones. The company also provide online apartment rental services and comparison shopping resource service, as well as provides an Internet payment platform that allows merchants to process, and manage online payments. 2. MISSION STATEMENT OBJECTIVE eBay pioneers communities built on commerce, sustained by trust, and inspired by opportunity. eBay brings together millions of people every day on a local, national and international basis through variety of websites that focus on commerce, payments and communication. This has also help the company in various ways between their numerous customers worldwide. They have engaged in the method stated below. A Place to Buy. You can get almost anything item you need or want at very low deal better than you can find at any traditional brick and mortar, even online stores. But caution should be taken because of rotten or fake items deals on eBay. A Place to Sell. No matter the size of our product or services, eBay has various categories channels to sell items. eBays global reach can even move unusual items that are not in demand in our own neighborhood in to cash. A Place to Shop. Large variety of items can be found for sale on eBay, many members have discovered that eBay is one of the best place in the world to window or comparison shop. These items include photos, detailed descriptions, and owner experiences. Because you see lots of the same items side by side in various conditions and know what each one sold or selling for, eBay gives you insight into the real market value of most types of goods around the globe. A Website:With no physical building eBay store, Founded in San Jose but now carry out daily activities from various cities, eBays service exist basically online apart from the delivery of bought and sold items every other network of the business are handled through eBay website. Socially Responsible: eBay with its B2C way of handling business has lower the barriers to buying and selling, these bring a massive global awareness to it business. It also fosters new economic opportunities to developing areas and brings cultural understanding between different populations. This has made eBay one of the worlds most interesting and exciting trans-national ambassadors. 3.THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL MEDIA ON EBAY eBay is a cutting edge in commence by selling almost everything be it of what nature with its presence in every corners of the globe with no physical store, with limited staffs but satisfy it numerous customer worldwide. But how is this possible? Social Media Marketing: Recent addition to organizations plans. Integrated marketing communications is a practice organization follow to connect with their target markets. Integrated marketing communications coordinates promotional elements, advertising, personnel selling, public relations, publicity, direct marketing and sale promotion. Increasingly viral marketing campaigns are also grouped into integrated marketing communications for eBay. The growth of social media has impacted the way organizations communicate, the internet provide set of idea which enable persons to develop social and business platform, share knowhow and collaborate on project online. Cell Phones: Usage has also become a benefit for eBay media marketing. Today many cell phones have social networking capabilities, individuals are notified of any happenings on social networkingsites through their cell phones in real-time. This constant connection to social networking sites means products and companies can constantly remind and update followers about their capabilities, uses, importance, etc. Since cell phones are connected to social networking sites, advertisements are always in sight. Computers: The use of computer has come to stay in our daily life be it at home, offices, school, this is one of the basic tools used by eMarketers worldwide, eBay uses the help of computer since they dont physical store to carry out their daily business and this is done by logging into their website by typing in the URL address with an access from ISP provider. Once logged in, you see various categorizes of product, prices, description of items and options of payment of items bought. Buying of items online and shipping to every part of the globe is an everyday activity at just by the use of a computer, Newsweek (2004) Internet Marketing: eBay use the internet known as digital marketing, web marketing, and online marketing is the marketing product and services over the internet. Internet marketing is considered to be broad in scope because it not only refers to marketing on the Internet, but also includes marketing done via e-mail and wirelessmedia. Digital customer data and electronic customer relationship management systems are also often grouped together under internet marketing. This market joins the vast idea and technical background of the Internet, including design, development, advertising, and sales.Internet marketing also refers to the placement of media along many different stages of the customer engagement cycle through search engine marketing on specific websites. 3.1 THE USE OF THE INTERNET BY eBay The internet as change the landscape of the world in every way things are done in every way things are done globally. Never before have people been able to interact in such a cost effective and comfortable way. The business world as seen a better new of doing its daily activity, business now are done in very short span of time even without the presence of both party at the same place or time. Now it is possible for you to establish your own company with a very small financial investment or in some cases even without any start-up capital. eBay use the internet in carrying of its daily business to meet target market and satisfy its customer at a very low cost and maximizing profit. Information: People worldwide are using the internet on a regular basis, with email and search engines as the most popular services. Information is power. People are able to influence, direct, convince, educate and manipulate others through one single tool: The distribution of information. Email and discussion forums allow people to share their thoughts, ideas and experiences with other people from all corners of the world. Within a relatively short period of time the Internet and its communication channels will be part of our daily lives as are running water and electricity. Cost Effectiveness: The internet is by far the most effective communication tool. If you want to send a letter via conventional or so-called slow mail, it will cost at least around $1 assuming you restrict yourself to two single sheets of paper. Sending the same amount of information via email will be up to 100 times cheaper with immediate delivery. In addition to this, email with its numbers of advantages over the slow mailing system of delivery of messages, sending and get a reply on the spot. Online Auction: In this massive marketplace, eBay rules the auction sites. According to the Nelison Rating, eBay is among the top ten most trafficked sites on the internet. eBay leads the online auction industry with a more than 60 percent share of the market, its closest competitors, Yahoo! Auctions, is only half its size followed by Amazon.com, all these are done with the help of the internet and makes eBay smile to the bank on daily basis. Low Cost Operation: Running business requires tons of capital no matter the size of the outfit, the business has to pay for rental shops, offices, motor vehicle, staffs, before it can think of making its profit which is the primary idea of the business, but doing online business you cut down your expenses to a very little amount of capital and that is the edge eBay is use to run its operations and has really help the business since it does not have physical presence anywhere, it does its business around the globe and sell lots of items to its customers worldwide. The internet helps eBay in an immeasurable way of cutting down cuts of operations and get to all part of the world without even being there in presence. 4. INTERNET AS A MARKETING PUBLIC RELATIONS TOOLS Public relations is defined as a management function which identifies, establishes and maintains mutually beneficialrelationships between an organization and the public upon which its success or failure depends. Whereas advertising is aone-way communication from sender to the receiver, public relations considers multiple audiences and uses two way communication to monitor feedback and adjust both its messages and the organizations actions maximum benefit. The internet is used as a tool in Public Relations and has replaced the use of paper form of notifications and is carried out in method stated below. Tweeter: Social media is a great way to have a conversation with your market and manage connections with prospects, customer, bloggers. Even if you dont join Twitter you can monitor what people are saying company, trends, friends and products. This is quite useful from a marketing and PR standpoint. Tweeter has a search engine that let you post any information and can be linked to eBays platform. Facebook: Business firms states their URLs on cable Tv   commercials, were friends and followers can join them on Facebook. This is sharp method way of internet PR, youre a startup entrepreneur, you could start a group to help entrepreneurs connect and exchange ideas. Search to make sure one doesnt exist already in your area. Your friends on your facebook will have first hand information of what is happening around you and your business and will also pass to from friends to friends if even they are not yours. eBay is linked to facebook which acts as an indirect form of PR, Instant message could also take form by chatting on both platform. Email: This is the fastest, stress less and cheapest form of PR and e-marketing with the use of the internet, when searching for information or to joint an organization like eBay, Amazon you go through a process of filling and providing certain information about yourself and your preference requirement, all these information is kept in their database and at the end you provide your e-mail. The organizations use their database information to communicate with you, through this medium you are updated with the latest information relating to previous request. As you change your preference change it is also updated in their database. eBay use this form of PR to promote their product to you and information is sent to you in respect of delivery of the item you paid for. Website Feedback: Various website use a page known as website feedback as a form PR tool to give a comments, complain or report on your experience you may have after buying a product or trial of certain items in other for them to know how their customer feel about product bought from them. 5. EBAY SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGHT:The Company use the advantage of Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Both parties (Buyers and Sellers) subscribe with the company and information is collected by eBay on individuals. This is known as Business2Consumer (B2C) of their business. However the strong customer relationships are founded on a Consumer2Consumer (C2C) business platform, where strong business relationships occurs, for example where buyers and sellers leave feedback for each other for the next transaction to take place. WEAKNESSES: Organizations works painfully to overcome fraud. However the eBay model does leave itself open to a number of fraudulent activities. But the company act with the issue very quickly. These includes inferior goods being marketed to unknown and suspecting eBayers. Other forms of theft could include the redistribution of stolen goods. Make it known that fraud and theft are problems with outsiders not eBay. The weakness is that mischievous individuals can exploit the C2C business platform. Many companies, systems breakdowns could disturb the trading transaction of eBay on daily bases. eBay and Paypal have suffered shutdowns and total breakdown. As technology improves for the better weakness will be less an issue. OPPORTUNITIES: Acquisitions bring new business strategy openings. eBay has into agreement to buy off online telephone company Skype Technologies with a deal reported of about worth $2.6 billion. PC users use Skype talk to each other for free and make cut-price calls to mobiles and landlines once you have subscribe to the services. This will bring in more customers to the business and also make profit to continue to grow. THRATS:The world Internet brands, success attract competition. Overseas competitors competing in their home markets have the technical experience that could give them a stronger advantage over eBay. It came to the notice of eBay that it has met with other USA home Internet companies when trading overseas. For example, Yahoo! Stand out in the Asian market. Doing the same market is a threat. As with weaknesses above, the name is attacked by mischievous individuals. When e-mail sent to unknown eBayers disguards to come from eBay. Logos, and design of the pages looks just the same. However they are designed so that you input private information that the thieves can use to take passwords and identifications. Not all costs can controlled by eBay, example shipping charges and credit card charges. With fuel prices to rise, the customer suffers the increment of delivery and postal charges. This affect the total cost of auctioned items very expensive. When provider of credit card merchants like Visa or Mastercard decide a charge for online business transaction the total cost of the same items would increase with a negative effects on the final customer of the product and will make eBay loose some of its future consumer and will affect the profit and share value of the company. 6. CONCLUSION EBay is well aware that in order for the company to maintain its competitive advantage and make it sustainable in the long run, the company must take advantage of the changes at the corporate, organizational and business levels. EBay embraces the five building blocks which are applied randomly throughout eBays history: improvisation, co-adaption, regeneration, experimentation and time pacing as evident by the strategies discussed. The company also embraces the 10 principles of competing on the edge about strategy, organization and leadership. With all hands on deck EBay can go further if the managing, marketing department embrace more with its IT department by merging with more social media platform not just their website because social website break more distance with communities of friends of my friends. Security department should work more bringing down the risk of internet fraud, this is one area of online business transaction that turn people away from buying online, because nobody wants to their money to end up on the place after paying for an item or product.